Filtration & Separation Systems

Ultrafiltration is a membrane-based, pressure-driven filtration process that separates contaminants by size. It uses a semi-permeable membrane to remove suspended solids, bacteria, and high-molecular-weight substances while allowing water and smaller molecules to pass through.

• Membrane Filtration: Utilizes a semi-permeable membrane with defined pore size for selective separation.

• Pressure Operation: Functions under low to moderate pressure for efficient filtration.

• Molecular Sieving: Filters based on particle size—larger substances are blocked, smaller ones pass.

• RO system pre-treatment

• Industrial and municipal water treatment

• Wastewater recovery

• Food and dairy processing

• Pharmaceutical production

• High removal efficiency for bacteria and suspended matter

• Energy-efficient and compact

• Reduces membrane fouling in downstream systems

• Minimal chemical usage

1. Water Filtration Plant

   A water filtration plant is a facility designed to purify raw water from natural sources such as rivers, lakes, or reservoirs. Through a series of physical, chemical, and sometimes biological processes, it removes impurities and contaminants, ensuring the water meets safety and quality standards for drinking, domestic, industrial, and municipal use.

   Purpose of a Water Filtration Plant

   • To remove contaminants like suspended solids, organic matter, bacteria, and viruses from raw water.

   • To ensure compliance with regulatory and health standards (such as BIS, WHO, or EPA).

   • To provide a consistent, reliable supply of clean and safe water for communities, industries, and municipalities.

   Key Treatment Processes

   1. Pre-treatment

   • Involves chemical dosing for pH correction, coagulation, and flocculation.

   • Helps agglomerate fine particles for easier removal.

   • May include pre-filtration to eliminate larger debris or turbidity.

   2. Filtration

   • Utilizes multimedia filters (sand, gravel, anthracite) or membrane filters (microfiltration, ultrafiltration).

   • Removes fine suspended solids, color, and some microorganisms.

   3. Disinfection

   • Destroys or inactivates pathogens (bacteria, viruses, protozoa).

   • Common methods include chlorination, ozonation, and UV irradiation.

   4. Advanced Treatment (Optional)

   • Used in specialized or high-purity applications (e.g., for industries or hospitals).

   • May include reverse osmosis, ion exchange, or activated carbon filtration to remove dissolved solids, trace organics, or heavy metals.

   Main Components of a Water Filtration Plant

   Intake Structures

   • Draw water from natural sources like rivers, lakes, or reservoirs.

   Pumps

   • Transport water through each stage of the treatment process.

   Chemical Feed Systems

   • Inject coagulants, disinfectants, pH adjusters, and other necessary chemicals.

   Settling Basins / Clarifiers

   • Provide time for heavy particles to settle before filtration.

   Filtration Units

   • Include sand filters, pressure filters, or membrane units depending on the plant design.

   Disinfection Units

   • Chlorine contact tanks, UV lamps, or ozone generators for final microbial control.

   Automation and Control Systems

   • Utilize PLC and SCADA for real-time monitoring and efficient plant operation.

   Storage Tanks

   • Store treated water before it enters the distribution system.

   Water Testing Laboratory

   • Performs regular sampling and analysis to ensure quality throughout the process.